¿En qué os tenéis que fijar al final de la segunda frase? ¿Qué es lo
que no se repite? ¿Qué? ¿Ves la diferencia? ¿Cómo conectas las dos
frases? He leído un libro, por un lado, I think you like it. It ese es el
libro, se engancha por ahí. So, I've just read a book which I think you'll
like. Por eso no repetimos el it. That's why we don't repeat the it. Do you
understand? Because we're connecting the sentences through what they have
in common. ¿Ok? It's a very typical mistake when you write sentences, you
repeat the it. But you don't have to repeat it because you've already said
the book at the beginning and you're connecting them with a relative
pronoun. ¿Ok? So, let's try number two. They're building a new factory. It
will have no humans and only use robots. For example, Pilar. They're
building a new factory which, or that, will... ¿Ok? The difference between
which and that is that which is a bit more formal. ¿Ok? Suena mejor. And
that is like more informal. So, when you're speaking in everyday speech,
you can say that. But when you're speaking, when you're writing for
example, it sounds better to write which or who. ¿Ok? Which for things and
who for people. ¿Ok? In the second sentence, we omit the it or no, no, no,
no, nothing, nothing. No, you don't repeat the it because that's how you're
connecting the sentences. Oh, yes, yes, ok. That's what you have to look
for. You say, I think you like it. Creo que te gustará eso. Ese eso is
what you connect and that's why you don't repeat it. ¿Ok? They're building
a new factory. It will have no humans and only use robots. ¿Veis que el it
en la segunda frase no está en el objeto sino que está en el sujeto?
Well, you connect them directly. The problem is when it's at the end. It's
a bit more difficult to understand. ¿Ok? But this is very important. If
you understand this very well, you can make very sophisticated sentences.
So, Pilar, repeat the sentence that you had correct, but say it again,
please. They're building a new factory with we have no humans and only use
robots. Ok, humans with an H. Ok, good. Can you repeat it because I can't
hear that. Ok, they're building a new factory which will have no humans and
only use robots or they're building a new factory that will have no humans
and only use robots. Ok. Good. Three is for Arantxa. What's the name of the
scientist? The one who discovered the x-ray. So, you're connecting the end
of one sentence with the beginning of the other one. That one's easier.
What's the name of the scientist who's discovered the x-ray? Si lo pones
whose, lo que pone ahí arriba, that would be cuyo. So, you have to
distinguish. Let me write that down very quickly. Wait. Sometimes I'm
missing space in this. Let me set up. Let me see. Ok, so Let me see if
that's right. Oh my god. Now I have everything. I can't hear Arantxa.
Everybody's telling me the same thing. You can't hear Arantxa? Ok. I
thought it was Pilar. Well, I don't know. It should work. The other day I
had five students and everybody could hear everybody very well. I don't
know why you're having audio problems. I will repeat what Arantxa says, ok?
Ok. The person Oh my god, this looks terrible. This is like calligraphy.
Not calligraphy class, but calligraphy. Forgive me very much, Victoria. I'm
trying to write on whose book you have blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. Ok? So
That's when we would use who, but in general para decir quién o de quién
we would say who. Ok? You have to be very careful with the difference
between who or who. When we refer to the person that does something, it's
who. Or that receives something. But when we talk about the owner of
something, we use whose. Ok? Arantxa, so repeat the sentence, please.
What's the name of the scientist who No, no, it's a scientist. Scientist.
Scientist who discovered X-ray. Ok, what's the name of the scientist who
discovered the X-ray? That's fantastic. Very good. Number four. When we put
who, we normally want to leave who, even if we could change it because it
makes it clear. Number four, please. You can book an $80,000 balloon flight
that goes into space. That one. That one is for who hasn't spoken. Oscar?
You can book an $80,000 balloon flight which goes into space. Did you hear
him? Yes. Ok. You can book an $80,000 balloon flight which goes into space.
I think that now it's I think it's Arantxa. Arantxa, do you have
headphones? Yes, but I don't know where. Ok. Because every time I speak you
sound very loud and I can hear myself like an echo. For the next day. Ok,
ok, ok. Well, I mean, we're doing very well for now. I'm very happy. I
thought that I was going to do these classes alone. I was going to connect
and nobody was going to be here, so having five in class is fantastic and
you're doing a very good job. The next one I think is for Gardena that
hasn't read a sentence yet. I got a new mobile phone. It's got a 128
gigabyte memory. Wait. I've got a new mobile phone which got a 128 gigabyte
memory. Got? Are you sure? Are you missing something? ¿Qué tiene? Got is
no es tener, es la mitad de tener. Which has got. Which has got 128
gigabytes memory. Ok. I met someone yesterday he knows you. That one's for
Natalia. I met someone yesterday who he knows you. You're repeating again.
That's the most difficult one. Esas son las más difíciles, las que
preguntas por el objeto. I met someone yesterday that he knows you. No, el
he es lo que no te es que repetir. He knows you. That knows you. Ok, so all
together? I met someone yesterday that knows you. Oh, that's one
possibility. I met someone yesterday that knows you or I met someone
yesterday who knows you. Yes, exactly. Yes. Number seven. Oscar. Is that
the girl we went to her party last weekend? Is that the girl who went to
her party last weekend? ¿A cuya fiesta? Not which. Who's. Who's went to
her party last weekend. ¿Es esa la chica a cuya fiesta fuimos la semana
pasada? Hello, Margarita, I'll be with you in a second. Is that the girl
whose party we went to last week? Was it last weekend? Is that the girl
whose party we went to last weekend? That was difficult, right? Es más
exigente. Sí. Number eight. The program isn't working properly. You loaded
it yesterday. I think it's the last one. The program isn't working
properly. The program is there where you have to start it. ¿Cuál
programa? Ese que no funciona. El que cargaste ayer. The program. Let me
see. Second option for Arantxa. The program isn't working properly with
Julio yesterday. No, no, no. That's the same sentence that we like to say.
Jordana. I don't know. Me. I don't have this one. The program that isn't
working properly. Almost, almost. Oscar. The program isn't working
properly. El programa que cargaste ayer with Julio Okay. The program which
you loaded yesterday isn't working properly. Which you loaded yesterday. Y
quitamos el it. The program which you loaded yesterday isn't working
properly. Eso es lo más difícil. Cuando es el objeto de la segunda clase.
Inserted into the second one. Eliminating the direct object. Okay? Okay. I
can hear a lot of echo, but okay. For the moment, I think it's... We can
survive. Margarita, hello. Do you have a microphone and a webcam? Let's see
if... Oh, Margarita left the... The... the conference. She was afraid of
the answer. Okay. What kind of... The beginning we met problems in Connect.
What were the problems? What problems did you have? I was... I'm trying to
choose... to use the platform in a Mac and don't work. Oh, it didn't work.
And now you're using it in a PC. Yes, I know. No sé por qué no nos dejan
usar Skype, porque es más cómodo para la plataforma móvil, pero
prefieren tenerlo dentro de Integra. Así que hagámoslo así. Vamos a ver,
es muy importante para usted tener una mirada en las palabras de la
izquierda. Es muy similar a mi presentación. ¿Quién? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál?
¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál?
¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuál? ¿Ok? Y para eso, voy a ir a la presentación
que tengo aquí. Voy a preparar la presentación para hoy. Ok, esta
presentación es sobre el símbolo presente perfecto versus el continuo
presente perfecto. En esta presentación vamos a ver más o menos la
estructura. ¿Puede alguien decirme la diferencia entre el símbolo
presente perfecto? ¿Entienden primero el símbolo presente perfecto y el
continuo presente perfecto? ¿Continuos? ¿Sí o no? ¿Giorgiana? Más o
menos. ¿Ok? ¿Natalia? Más o menos. ¿Ok? ¿Pilar? Ok. ¿Nadie va a decir
sí o no? No. No, bien. Yo creo que sí. Ah, tú crees que sí. Ok. Oscar,
¿qué tal tú? No, no. Ok, bien. Voy a explicarlo de alguna manera. La
diferencia entre el símbolo presente perfecto y el continuo es que el
símbolo presente perfecto, normalmente, recuerda que siempre usamos, como,
a ver si puedo, ok, aquí. Ups. ¿Dónde está? Aquí. Siempre tenemos una
línea de tiempo y decimos que el símbolo presente perfecto es este. Ok. Y
en el presente perfecto. En el presente perfecto, no sabemos lo que ocurre
aquí. Es ambiguo lo que pasa después de ahora mismo. ¿Ok? Sabemos que
empieza en el pasado y que llega hasta ahora mismo, pero puede que la
acción continúe o puede que termine en ese momento. Si yo te digo, He
estado en clase con Natalia, Oscar, Pilar, Giorgiana, y Arantxa durante 90
minutos. En español diríamos algo así como, llevo en clase 90 minutos.
Pero no queda muy claro si acabo de terminar o si sigo en clase. Con el
presente perfecto continuo, eliminamos esa ambigüedad. Con el presente
perfecto continuo, esta es la situación. Empieza en el pasado, ahora, y
continúa. Ok. Estamos seguros de que la acción se va a continuar. Ok.
Este es el presente perfecto y este es el simple. En el simple hay una
ambigüedad. En el presente perfecto, estamos muy seguros. Hay algunos
verbos que no uso en el presente perfecto continuo. Si miráis la página
147, la caja azul, al final pone We generally don't use the present perfect
continuous with state verbs. Con verbos de estado. Such as, be. Have. And
know. Así que les voy a poner ahí unas diapositivas, hay que lo expliquen
un poquito mejor. Esto, remember, you can download this, lo podéis
descargar y echarle un vistazo para tenerlo más claro o descargarlo para
estudiar antes del examen. Present perfect is used for actions that reach
the present from the past. These are either recently finished actions or
unfinished actions. For example, you can say, I've traveled to... No, no me
cambies la presentación. ¿Quién me está aboyando de algo? Sorry, I
tried to... This is Arantxa, okay. Sorry, I tried to do the other thing.
Okay. When I give you power, I give you too much power, okay? So, careful.
Present perfect is used for actions that begin in the past and reach the
present. For example, I say, I've traveled to Rome three times. He viajado
a Roma. He viajado a Roma tres veces. Cuando yo digo, I've traveled to
Rome, significa que estoy en Roma, okay? Y que estoy diciendo en Roma, he
viajado a Roma tres veces. ¿Significa que nunca voy a viajar más? No,
significa que hasta el presente momento yo he viajado tres veces, okay? Si
digo en pasado simple, I've traveled to Rome three times, eso significa
viajé a Roma tres veces, pero ya no vuelvo a ir a esa ciudad, okay? That's
the difference between the past simple and the present perfect. Perfect,
¿entendéis ese contraste? Para el past simple, son acciones en el pasado.
Sin embargo, para el present perfect, empiezan en el pasado, pero llegan
hasta el presente. Con el simple, no tengo muy claro si acaba de terminar
la acción o si está sin terminar. The auxiliary verb for perfect tenses
is always to have, okay? The three modes use the auxiliary verb, and for
the regular verbs we use ed, y para los verbos regulares usamos el ed como
en pasado, y para los irregulares usamos su participio pasado, okay? So
let's see an example. There are two forms of present perfect. The present
perfect simple will use for actions that reach the present from the past.
Pero no tenemos muy claro que continúen. El pronombre have had and past
participle. En el continuo, esta parte de continuo significa que el verbo
se viva. ¿Cómo es perfecto? El verbo have va a estar involucrado, con lo
cual tengo have been. Y si es continuo, además voy a necesitar un ing. Son
las cosas que tengo claro. Son acciones que necesariamente continúan en el
presente. They necessarily continue in the present, okay? So for example,
Georgiana's mother knocks on the door. Georgiana, do you want to have
dinner now? She says, no, I've been listening to Ricky for 45 minutes. El
tío no se calla. Okay? I started 45 minutes ago, I reach right now and I'm
going to continue 45 minutes more, okay? So that's when we use a present
perfect continuous. Cuando tengo muy claro que la acción va a continuar y
quiero dejarlo claro a alguien que me está escuchando, uso present perfect
continuous. O sea que esa es la diferencia, es más de actitud. Es como
cuando decía, cuando uso un presente continuo y cuando uso un futuro con
will. Depende un poco de tu actitud. Lo veo... ¿Cierto o lo veo más o
menos probable? Pues uso will or present continuous. A veces depende más
de la opinión que de algo realmente objetivo. We generally don't use
present perfect continuous with state verbs such as be, have and know. Es
lo que pone aquí en la cajita esta, okay? Así que si queréis para el
siguiente día estudiaros esos ejercicios y podemos el próximo día
corregir esos tres ejercicios de la página 147 que viene hoy. Que vienen
muy bien para practicar eso. Let me show you a couple of examples of verbs
in present perfect simple and present perfect continuous. If I have to
play, for example, I have played, I haven't played. But if it's in
continuous, si este mismo verbo lo pongo en continuo, diría I have been
playing. Okay? En vez de I have played, diría I have been playing. La
diferencia es que si yo estoy jugando, yo estoy jugando. La diferencia es
que tú digas, I have played football for three years. Puede ser que te
estés retirando del fútbol en ese momento. Pero si dices, I have been
playing football for three years, this means that your career is going to
continue. Que tu carrera continúa. Imagínate que, for example, Natalia is
a personal trainer and she loves cycling. That's true, no, Natalia? You
love cycling. Yes. Okay. Imagine that one day she says, no, I don't want to
cycle anymore because it's very dangerous. It's dangerous. I cycled for 20
years. I don't want to cycle anymore. Or she says, yes, I want to continue
cycling. En el primer caso, ella podría decir, I cycled for 20 years and
after this year, I'm retiring from cycling. Or if she's going to continue,
I've been cycling for 20 years and I love it and I'm going to continue.
Okay? So with present perfect simple, la acción puede acabar si eso es
vuestra intención en el presente momento. No tiene por qué acabar, pero
puede acabar. Pilar, Georgiana, Arantxa, Oscar, Natalia, questions,
preguntas. No. I don't have questions. Oscar, any questions? No. No? Oh my
God. Pues sí que estoy bueno. Pilar, any questions? No. Oh, I don't see
anything. Okay. With go, recordar. Si el verbo es irregular, vais a... Para
eso viene bien que vayáis estudiando los participios de los verbos que
vayan saliendo con... Uy, aquí se me ha escapado un play. De los verbos
que aparezcan más veces. Okay? Okay. I have been going. I haven't been
going. Have I been going. The same. Okay? Regular verbs and regular verbs.
The same thing. Okay, so let's go to the book. Si no me equivoco, estamos
en... Controlling the weather, ¿no? Yes. Okay. We have done exercise
number one. And which ones have we done? Exercise one. One A. Two A. Two B.
Okay. So we were going to do... The exercises in the box, ¿no? Yes. Okay.
What page? Page 59. Please, can you... Can you try to do exercise...
Exercise number 67 without listening to it. So give me a moment because
we're going to listen to the audio. Okay? One second. Let me see. Oxford.
This is where the class is going to get really weird because you'll see the
strange thing that I have to do. Voy a hacer una movida muy rara para que
podáis ver la pantalla. Para que escuchéis esto, voy a enfocar a mi
tablet. Es como muy raro esto. Es que no se me ha ocurrido otra manera de
hacerlo. Because I... No puedo proyectar el libro en el curso. Entonces...
It's a bit weird. But I was trying it. I was trying it the other day and it
worked. Pero el otro día funcionaba bastante bien. El sonido y todo. Okay.
Let's see. Present. Perfect. Okay. We're going to do listening. We're going
to do exercise 4A. Listen to the beginning of a radio interview. Why are
scientists researching ways to control the weather? Okay? Audio 6.4.
Welcome to the world today. Today we're talking about extreme weather.
Recently, there seem to have been a lot of extreme weather events. While
there have always been strong winds and tropical storms, many scientists
now agree that climate change has been causing higher temperatures and more
storms, floods, and droughts. It's a serious situation. And although
governments have been trying to reduce pollution and stop the global
temperature rising, we haven't been very successful so far. Could there be
a different solution? With us in the studio today, we have Neil Clough, our
science correspondent who has been researching ways in which scientists
around the world have been trying to artificially control or change the
weather. Neil, can anything be done to prevent these extreme weather
events? Well, if these changes in weather patterns have been happening as a
result of global warming, then we should try to prevent further warming by
reducing pollution, protecting trees, and so on. However, scientists have
been exploring another method. It seems possible that we might be able to
actually do more to control the weather directly. Okay. So, try to answer
the question. Do you have an answer for the question? No. Do you want to
listen to it again? Yes. Okay. Anybody have the answer? No? Okay. Thanks,
Bailey. Welcome to the world today. Today we're talking about extreme
weather. Recently, there seem to have been a lot of extreme weather events.
While there have always been strong winds and tropical storms, many
scientists now agree that climate change has been causing higher
temperatures and more storms, floods, and droughts. It's a serious
situation, and although governments have been trying to reduce pollution
and stop the global temperature rising, we haven't been very successful so
far. Could there be a different solution? With us in the studio today, we
have Neil Cloth, our science correspondent, who has been researching ways
in which scientists around the world have been trying to artificially
control or change the weather. Neil, can anything be done to prevent these
extreme weather events? Well, if these changes in weather patterns have
been happening as a result of global warming, then we should try to prevent
further warming by reducing pollution, protecting trees, and so on.
However, scientists have been exploring another method. It seems possible
that we might be able to actually do more to control the weather directly.
Okay. So, what does the audio talk about? It's very important that you feel
comfortable listening to these audios because it's the type of English that
you're going to have in the listening exam. Oscar, what does the audio
speak about? It's speaking about the scientists and the way to change the
climate change and researching and..., they are trying to investigate to
reduce the pollution and the climate change. More? Natalia? If I understand
well, I think that the scientists talk about the pollution, protecting
trees, and how we can... Yes, how you can change weather events. Okay. So,
he says something about or something like that. Did you take any notes,
Georgiana? No. Arantxa, did you take any notes? Yes, he said to reduce
pollution. Okay. To reduce pollution and another one? How do you say el
aumento de las temperaturas? High temperatures. No. Pilar? Global
temperature rising? Okay. So, what would be the answer? What would be the
answer to exercise 4A? Why are scientists researching ways to control the
weather? What's that? Because the climate change is not under control.
Okay, very good. And they are trying to find another way to... The problem.
Okay, very good. ...adhering impact. Okay, okay, okay, great. And exercise
6A. And exercise 6A. Okay, okay, great. Okay, okay. So we're going to do
this in Audio 6-5, and we'll do Section B of the same one. And you have to
answer this question, okay? What is cloud seeding? Why doesn't cloud
seeding work well in broad areas? How can cloud seeding help prevent
hurricanes? Why do people worry about using cloud seeding? What solution?
¿Qué científicos en Geneva encontraron? ¿Qué es Geneva? Genova. No.
Ginebra. Cuidado con eso. Ok. Sí, sí. Es un error típico. Ok, déjame
ver. ¿Lo escuchas bien antes del audio? Sí. Ok. Déjame tocar el
siguiente. Sí. Ok. Audio 6.5 Cuéntanos más sobre controlar el clima.
Bueno, los científicos han estado trabajando en técnicas para crear o
prevenir el viento por bastante tiempo ahora. El mejor conocido método se
llama la alimentación de las nubes. Esto involucra poner químicos en el
aire para encorajar cualquier agua en el aire a formar nubes y, espero, el
viento. Así que, si podemos hacer que el viento viva cuando queremos,
¿por qué todavía tenemos problemas con las drogas? Ah, bueno,
desafortunadamente no es tan simple. Si hay una lluvia, probablemente no
habrá nubes en el cielo en absoluto. La única cosa que se puede hacer es
hacer la plantación de nubes cuando hay nubes, y luego salvar la agua para
cuando haya una lluvia. Eso podría ser útil, supongo. ¿Y puede ayudar
con tormentas y huracanes también? Sí. Los huracanes se forman en agua
tropical caliente. Es por eso que la temperatura global tiene un impacto.
Cuando las nubes se vuelven más calientes, tendrán más huracanes. Pero
parece que la temperatura global es más alta. Es posible que podamos usar
el viento de nubes para calentar las nubes. Eso suena increíble. Pero,
¿es realmente una buena idea para calentar las nubes? Quiero decir, ¿qué
pasa con poner los químicos en la atmósfera? Eso no puede ser una buena
idea, ¿no? Bueno, esta es una de las cosas que necesitamos descubrir. Hay
alguna preocupación de que crear lluvia en una área del mundo podría
llevársela a otro lugar. Pero en términos de los químicos, parece que un
grupo de científicos ha encontrado una solución. El profesor Jean-Pierre
Wolff y el Dr. Jerome Gasparian en la Universidad de Geneva han
experimentado con usar laseras para controlar el clima. ¿Laseras? Sus
experimentos han mostrado que los pulsos de luz de un laser pueden ser
usados para crear lluvia sin usar ningún químico. También piensan que
las laseras pueden ser usadas para dirigir tormentas a distancia de ciertos
edificios, como aeropuertos. ¡Guau! ¡Esto es bastante increíble!
Todavía siento que quizás no deberíamos jugar con el clima como este.
Sí, muchas personas podrían concluir con usted. Pero hay que recordar que
hemos estado cambiando el clima durante mucho tiempo, de alguna manera, a
través de la tormenta global. Este tipo de tecnología no es nada
comparado con eso. Y podría ser útil, en vez de daño. Bien, ¿entendiste
todas las preguntas o todavía tienes dudas? ¿Quieres escucharlas de
nuevo? Sí. Audio 6.5 Cuéntanos más sobre controlar el clima. Bueno, los
científicos han estado trabajando en técnicas para crear o prevenir
lluvia durante bastante tiempo ahora. El mejor conocido método se llama
clasificación de las lluvias. Esto involucra poner químicos en el aire
para encorajar cualquier agua en el aire para formar una lluvia y, espero,
lluvia. Así que, si podemos hacer que llueva cuando queremos, ¿por qué
todavía tenemos problemas con las lluvias? Bueno, desafortunadamente, no
son tan pocas personas. Si hay una lluvia, probablemente no habrá ninguna
lluvia en la Escotlanda en absoluto. La única cosa que podrías hacer es
hacer clasificación cuando hay lluvias y luego salvar la agua cuando haya
una lluvia. Eso podría ser útil, creo. ¿Y puede ayudar con tormentas y
huracanes también? Sí. Los huracanes forman agua caliente y tropical. Esa
es la razón por la que el clima global se ha convertido en un lugar de
lluvia. Y el clima global se ha convertido en un lugar de lluvia. Si las
lluvias se calientan, podrían haber más huracanes. Pero parece posible
que podríamos usar la lluvia para calentar las lluvias. Eso suena
increíble. Pero ¿es una buena idea intentar cambiar el clima? O sea,
¿qué pasa con poner químicos en el aire? Eso no puede ser una buena
idea, ¿verdad? Bueno, esta es una de las cosas que tenemos que descubrir.
Hay alguna preocupación sobre crear lluvias. ¿Por qué? ¿Laseras? Ok,
entonces ¿Quién puede describir lo que es la habitación de las nubes?
¿Giojana? No ¿No? ¿La naranja? No ¿Cómo crean esas nubes artificiales?
Es absolutamente correcto ¿Cómo crean esas nubes artificiales? Con
productos químicos ¿Cómo dices productos químicos? Químicos Químicos,
muy bien Ok Recuerda Esas te haces es como acá He estado mirando la
presentación Bueno Tiene muchos errores No sé por qué no he encontrado
errores antes Déjame cambiarlo Ok Deletaré el otro La presentación de
Presidente Perfecto y publicaré un nuevo Y en el foro también publicaré
un nuevo Ok Así que no descarguen esta versión porque tiene errores Ahora
voy a corregirlos más tarde Así que la planta de nubes es poner químicos
en la atmósfera que crean nubes Ok La segunda ¿Por qué la planta de
nubes no funciona bien en áreas de flujo? ¿Quién se acuerda de lo que
significa áreas de flujo? Jordana Sequía Muy bien Oscar Sequía Zonas de
sequía ¿Por qué la planta de nubes no funciona bien en áreas de flujo?
¿Quién se acuerda Muy bien Porque son áreas que no tienen nubes Ok Hay
un problema con la grabación Ok Tal vez se va a parar Bueno Esperemos que
continúe ¿Cómo puede la planta de nubes ayudar a prevenir huracanes? No
sé No Ok Déjame ver si puedo Déjame ver si puedo Sí Voy a mirar el y la
siguiente ¿Cuál es la respuesta Arantxa? ¿Tienes esa pregunta? ¿Por
qué puede la planta de nubes ayudar a prevenir huracanes? No ¿Pilar? No
¿Oscar? Creo que si te cubres puedes hacer lluvia y el huracán es menos
útil Porque los huracanes necesitan agua caliente Necesitan agua templada
o caliente Si te calientas la agua puedes detener el huracán o disminuir
el huracán Así que es calentar la agua Número cuatro ¿Por qué las
personas se preocupan por usar la planta de nubes? Porque se preocupan por
las semillas en la atmósfera Recuerda los químicos los químicos los
químicos en la atmósfera Muy bien Arantxa ¿Qué solución han los
científicos en Jenninga encontrado? No Habéis oído eso Ese es mi Alexa
cada vez que digo Arantxa la Alexa se apagó Óscar ¿Qué solución han
encontrado científicos en Jenninga? Los científicos usan letras para
controlar Y se pueden Yes, and they can take the clouds away from certain
buildings you know who does that in Brazil they send special bombs they
bomb water I think and that makes the rain begin sooner when in Brazil they
have the Rio de Janeiro carnivals they send airplanes to the Amazons to
bombard the clouds so it doesn't rain in Rio de Janeiro they do it every
year very curious because they have a lot of rain and it's a dangerous
period so they try to control the rain by bombarding the rain but people
think it's not a good idea because you don't know if that has a negative
effect somewhere else so people are normally not very in favor of modifying
the atmosphere ok so from this exercise I would like you to try to do
exercise number 7 number? number 7 remember what you've learned about
present perfect simple and present perfect continuous we can use other
modal like present you have to use other tenses I think you only need
present perfect simple and present perfect continuous ok yes finished no ok
I think my neighbors upstairs are playing football in the living room do
you have do you have children it's crazy ok so let's correct exercise
number 7 Oscar, Pilar, Arantxa Natalia and Georgiana in that order one
sentence each in recent years there have been a noticeable increase
noticeable noticeable increase in a strength with an event ok en general
has called has been causing it's a possibility continue please I think it's
a lantern the stances correspond in the program no te líes con S y C
science científico scientist es igual que en español science, scientist
the science corresponding in the program has been just finished has been
just finished no, acaba de terminar cuando pone just es que termina justo
en este momento ese just es un indicador de que es present perfect simple o
sea cuando es edition just vais a poner siempre present perfect simple the
program has just finished very good has just finished very good continue
researching way in which science scientist I'm going to ask Natalia
continue from there in which scientist continue or Georgiana no meaning
research in ways in which scientists around the world have been trying to
artificially control or change weather patterns I don't know have been
exploring no have been trying yeah yeah trying sorry have been trying me lo
comido yo have been trying to artificially sorry control or change weather
patterns ok very good Georgiana the scientist has explored the same si
empieza con have been trying sigue con lo mismo have been exploring ok
various techniques including cloud setting over the past few years empieza
la frase otra vez the scientists have been explore no exploring ok the
scientist have been exploring various techniques including cloud seating
over the past few years however many people are worried about putting
chemicals into the atmosphere recently one team of scientists in Geneva has
discovered a way to use lasers to control the weather ok so you had your
answers correct let's do exercise 8 Read the news item and discuss with the
partner What kind of solution Might be possible What is the news item about
What part of the world What is crops Ok Cultivos Crops, but where What's
the meaning of crops Cultivos Yes Sorry Statistics Yes Steadily Ok Steadily
Crops have died From water shortages What's water shortages It's the same
problem they have in Murcia They don't have enough Water No They have
problems with water Can you think of Ways of solving this How do they solve
Problems in Albia or Murcia They have less food Less water So what do they
do No No, no How do they solve the problem Use Efficient irrigation Ok They
use efficient irrigation That's a fantastic word Irrigation Ok Let me write
that one down Another one They use They use artificial greenhouses Let me
see if I can write it here Irrigation Esto es riego And What do I say
Greenhouse Esto es un invernadero In Almeria for example They use
Artificial greenhouses With white plastic They control the temperature And
they can produce High quality products Nine or ten months every year And
any other Any other solutions For example What do they do with the rivers
They don't have a lot of water from the river What do they do They
transport water from one river to another From They channel water Channel
is canalitar Channel is canal Pero como verbo Is canalitar Channel water Ok
Those are interesting words And Let's see this video Video number six Ok To
do that We're going to have to do something special Let me see if this
works Ok Let me see if this works now Hmm It's not working Yeah It didn't
work here in the iPad I don't know if I tried it on my computer Not on the
iPad Ok I wanted to play the video It says on page 59 But you're going to
have to play it at home If you go to the virtual course You're going to see
el pulso virtual En el pulso virtual There's a section called Multimedia
content And there you can actually Watch the videos Ok Watch this video And
And we'll We'll watch More videos When we go back to class Whenever we go
back to class I don't know How long it's going to take for us To return to
class How How well are you doing? Oscar Are you having to work? Sorry You
have to work in this situation Yes I'm still working You're still working?
Ok And Pilar Are you working? Or are you at home? I'm at home Yeah but Are
you working from home? No I'm closed The hotel Ok And what about you,
Arantxa? One day at home And one day in the building In the building? In
the work So you combine One day at work And one day at home Yes Ok So
there's less people, no? You do like a rotation At the first only It can be
one day at work It can be one for turn For shift You call that a shift In
turn Shift What about What about you, Natalia? Are you You had You had a
situation I talked to Georgiana and Natalia about this Natalia, you had a
situation where one of your students had tested positive, no? What? One of
your students from school Yes Had tested positive, no? Yes Yes, yes,
positive But he You feel ok Yes, he is ok now Ok What about you? Are you
ok? No No, I'm ok Yes You are No You're ok Ok So well It's It's a difficult
situation for everybody Yes You're hearing very bad news and it's terrible
Ok So I'm going to ask Go to page 60 Ok We're going to I want to ask You
Look, this is a This is a very good moment to ask these Questions Things
you can't live without Cosas sin las que no puedes vivir Ok What things
can't you live without? The top 10 for English people Are The internet
connection Television A best friend Best friend is less important than
Internet and television Boyfriend must be like Sixteen or seventeen Or
girlfriend Sixteen Well, it's number seven A strong relationship For a
daily shower Only four Central heating Para cualquier ventana Ok So they
can freeze to death Se puede morir de frío They need Netflix Netflix is
more important than And what's up in Netflix And then all the rest A cup of
tea Number six This would be like Paella and sangria And things A strong
relationship A car Glasses And a car So Now that you've had to stay at home
And you've had the opportunity To think about Your priorities If you had to
think about The three most important things In your life Write down The
three most important things And we'll compare them Ok So Write down The
three most important things For you It can be these Or it can be Something
different Example I mean If I If I lose my phone Well, it would be a
tragedy But I I don't think I would die I don't need my phone So much But
An internet connection That would be That would be very important Ok So
This is This is a study In In a study of Two thousand people I'm going to
read the The The graph that we have On top At the top of the page What
things Can't you live without Con qué cosas No puedes vivir Sin qué cosas
Without Sin qué cosas No podrías vivir In a study of Two thousand people
From the UK Aged 18 to 65 One in twenty Ese in Ese sería en español Uno
de cada veinte Ok So One in twenty Ese en Significa Decada Ok So that's a
That's a really interesting expression Said they need a foreign holiday
once a year So that's That's My god That's a lot of people Paddling Six in
ten Said the things They can't live without Have changed That they have got
older So at the beginning It was going to Ibiza And afterwards It was going
to Benidorm Yeah And afterwards It's It's going To Parla I don't know For
For women Chocolate A best friend And a cup of tea Are high importance For
men It is football And a cooked breakfast Eh Thirty three percent Said they
could easily Live without their Smartphone Computer And social media Social
networking But sixty percent Said they would find it Very difficult Seventy
seven percent Say Every item They own Is replaced Seventy siete por ciento
De la persona De las que son Dueñas Es reemplazable So it's not very
important Pilar What was your number three Mmm Ah Strong relationship Ok
Oscar What's your number three Eh Number three Or number one Number three
Let's start by the beginning I mean By the end Eh Number three I I think
food I I can't live without food I can't imagine number two and number one
Eh Natalia What's your number three Ehm My phone Eh Social networking Food
Chocolate Which one Ah ok Ehm Eh My phone So What My phone Your phone is
number three Ok Ah Arantxa Number three Mmm My phone Also Your phone Ok
Georgiana All my books Your books Yes Your readers Ah Number two Pilar Mmm
Internet Strong relationship is less important than internet Yes Ok
Sireiden Que prefieres Vodafone o tu marido Vodafone o tu novio Vodafone
¿Estás pensando en sobrevivir? ¿Qué tal tú, Arantxa? Número dos.
¿Cuál es tu número dos? Mi mejor amigo. ¿Un mejor amigo? ¿Y Natalia?
Una relación fuerte. ¿Y Georgiana? La misma que Arantxa. Mi mejor amigo.
Me he perdido tanto. ¿Y tu número uno, Pilar? El café. ¡Oh, Dios mío!
Tú y yo somos amigas. Somos amigas. ¿Qué dices? El café es lo más
importante del mundo. El café. Muy buena, Pilar. Muy buena elección.
¿Máscar? Tengo que decir mi marido porque... Porque está escuchando.
Está en la sala. Es una opción muy inteligente. Número uno, Arantxa. Una
relación fuerte. Ok, una relación fuerte. Muy bien. ¿Y Natalia? El
comida. ¿El comida? Sí. ¿Tus prioridades son el comida, el café y el
chocolate? Sí. ¿Estás de acuerdo? Sí. El comida, los amigos y el
teléfono. El teléfono. Soy de acuerdo. La libertad. Necesito caminar,
necesito salir. Necesitas caminar, ¿no? Sí. Mucho. Tres días cada día,
oh Dios mío. No puedo imaginar. Natalia es tan activa, no puedo imaginar.
Estos días deben ser terrible. Para las personas más activas es aún más
difícil. ok, let's do the listening page we're going to do 6 point sorry,
2A listen to someone being asked what she couldn't live without what does
she answer you have to find out what her answer is a moment my book doesn't
want to work let's see this is 6.7 give me a moment technology is
conspiring against me ok 6.7 audio 6.7 it's important to get a job in your
everyday life at least once a year and if you live here in the UK you need
to find somewhere with guaranteed sunshine what I mean is somewhere where
the weather is a bit more reliable it's great to do something you'd never
do at home in fact I'm sure the challenge keeps you healthy anyway we've
just booked two weeks exploring the lakes and volcanoes of Nicaragua I
can't wait I love that Nicaragua what does she describe as something
important for her travel yes an adventure holiday so sunset sorry she can't
live without her so sunset without her with us with sunshine yes many
English people say this they prefer to have a holiday in Mallorca or in
Costa del Sol than a shower in one year it's very important for them ok so
I don't know we don't have a lot of time but maybe we can finish and do 6-8
ok we're going to do section B and we finish it now ok I don't want to keep
you much longer for the next day I would like you to do you've already got
the exercises from from the grammar section but if you can do exercise 7A
on page 61 read the box in 7B and do exercise 8 and 9 that would be
fantastic it's very good for your vocabulary ok your homework is to send me
an email asking me about the biggest problem you have with grammar it can
be a true email or it can be an invented email ok you have to write me a
professional email so you have to be serious like dear professor I would
like to ask you you have to be more formal than our normal type of
conversation ok so this is how we practice formal emails ok your email it
doesn't have to be very long but if you look at page 62 you can see some
ideas about how to write a professional email you have to ask me about a
grammar problem that you have ok or a grammar difficulty that you normally
have it can be real or it can be imaginary the problem ok that's your
homework the exercise is on pages 61 7 and 8 and 9 and writing me an email
about a doubt that you have we're going to finish with this exercise
exercise audio 6.8 section B ok so let's listen to it audio 6.8 1 what I
mean is somewhere where the weather is a bit more reliable 2 in fact I'm
sure the challenge keeps you healthy 3 anyway we've just booked 2 weeks
exploring the lakes and volcanoes of Nicaragua I can't wait ok so those
connecting sentences those connecting those linkers that's how they're
called those linkers did you recognize the words in number 1 do you want to
listen to it again yes ok, one more time one more time if it wants to one
second it doesn't want to internet doesn't want to work it wants a vacation
I think it's almost here ok wait one moment here audio 6.8 1 what are you
doing 1. 2. 4. 5. 7. 12. 14. 15. 16. 17. introductions are very useful the
first introduction is what I mean it is lo que quiero decir es en algún
lugar donde el clima sea algo más fiable what I mean is so when you're
asking for something you say I don't understand the difference between
present perfect and present perfect continuous what I mean is I understand
how to make the verbs but I don't understand when to use them what I mean
is extending your explanation number two en fact in fact means de hecho
number three anyway we've just booked two weeks the more you try to put
these types of expressions into your writings the better it's going to
sound because it sounds like more sophisticated your English is better ok
so guys thank you very much you've done a heck of a job I'm very very happy
that you could all connect I'm happy to see Arantxa Natalia I'm happy to
listen to Pilar and to Oscar thank you for coming to class and you're
progressing even faster than usual we're in class you're doing a very very
good job we're going to do the next day those exercises and I'll see you
next week ok thanks a lot bye