La semana ya toca dos test. Hacer la auto-evaluación de los reyes y hacer
la descripción de un hotel. Hay que hacerlo muy bien porque es demasiado
corto. Algunas personas han escrito más palabras que 150, porque es
demasiado corto. Por ejemplo, algunas personas han incluido el tipo de
instalaciones del hotel y hay una lista de cosas sobre el hotel, el puerto
de baño, etc. Así que no voy a contar estas palabras. Las cosas que
tienes que escribir tú mismo. La descripción del hotel, dónde está
situado o por qué es tan bueno. Cuáles son las cosas más importantes o
las vistas más espectaculares del hotel. Pero, por ejemplo, la parte sobre
las instalaciones, puedes mencionarlas. Es muy corto, 150. Bueno, de todos
modos. Bien, buenas tardes a todos. Vamos a empezar. Vamos a empezar
corregiendo un examen que tuvimos allí la semana pasada. Y vamos a empezar
con el examen. Y luego continuaremos con algunas explicaciones gramaticales
sobre el respeto y las sentencias condicionales que fueron parte de la
unidad número 6. Bien, en este examen hemos hecho un test que estaba en tu
tabla de test. Así que pregúntale atención a todos los diferentes test.
Y los diálogos que aparecen en tu tabla de test. Porque luego, en el
examen, encontrarás que los test se han tomado del libro. Así que es
importante pasar por todos los test, leerlos en detalle. Buscar palabras en
el diccionario. Así que puedes tener una sorpresa en el examen. Y ver que
el test es conocido. Es familiar a ti. Bien, así que comenzamos con la
pregunta número uno. ¿Cuál es su aptitud? ¿Cuál es su aptitud para
tener una política más verde en su agencia? D. Bien. Es D. Está
interesado en introducir nuevas medidas. Medina. Nuevas medidas. Bien. En
la pregunta número dos. ¿Cómo sugiere que recicla las aguas producidas
en su agencia? D. Bien. Así que puede hacerlo. Puede hacerlo. Tanto
haciendo él mismo como llamando a un colector. Bien. En la pregunta
número tres. ¿Qué considera ser lo más importante para la
sostenibilidad de su agencia? C. Bien. No explica priorizar las medidas.
Bien. Así que están mencionadas, pero no dicen por qué. Bien. No. Bien.
No mencionan eso. Bien. C. Make the effort. Take the trouble. Tomarse la
molestia de hacer algo. Make the effort to do something. Which of the
following words is closest in meaning to leak? A. State of liquid. Which of
the following words is closest in meaning to premises? A back yard is a
garden, at the back of a house. The premises are always, it's always the
building, the building, a building with its grounds, a building, the
premises. So for example, it is not allowed to smoke in the premises, so
you can't smoke in the building, in a hotel, in a school, in a university,
the faculty, anywhere. The premises is just the building, the building and
all the grounds of the things around, but the premises is always the
building. 10. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to run an
office, for example? B. To run an office is to be in charge of. Okay. 10.
Which of the following words is closest in meaning to bins, containers,
right? So bin es una papelera, un contenedor. Let's try again if we can
switch off. Switch on. Now, the projector. Now it's on. Right, so we
continue with question 11. Which of the following sentences is wrong? A, A,
A, A. B. B, okay. London is not as interesting as, I should say, as, as.
What do you do after a train journey? No, you get off. Get on, get off the
train. What do you mean in this sentence? I don't know very well. ¿Qué
haces después de un viajante? Bajarte. Sin más. So it's get on, subirse,
get off, bajarse. Okay? And when you're going into a car, normally you say
into a car. Into a car. Okay? And you get out of the car. No, I'm... When I
read this sentence, I don't understand train journey like a journey of a
trip or something. But no, a journey, you have to be careful with this
word. The word journey is just the time you are traveling. The time you are
spending in the train, in the car, in the plane. The journey, el trayecto.
The time you are standing there. Okay? So that's... The journey. How was
your journey? How was your flight? So they're asking just about the
journey, the flight, or the time you are standing in the car or in the
plane. Which of the following words will not be used in British English? So
we have one of the units, some differences between American and British
English. So antenna. Antena is the American word for alien. Okay? So there
are synonyms. But in American... In English, they say antenna. In British
English, they say alien. So it's A, the American word. Which of the
following sentences is grammatically incorrect? Where are your arguments?
Where are... Mientras que. Despite, a pesar de. In spite of, a pesar de.
Notwithstanding, a pesar de. Okay? So it's whereas. Mientras que tus
argumentos. This is not a confession. This is not the linking device for
despite, in spite of, notwithstanding. Fifteen. Which of the following is
not a popular saying in English? This is the... Well, you have to learn
that it's impossible to learn all the idioms and all the comparisons. So
well. You are lucky and you remember some of them. But a tiger is not the
correct word. They say a leopard. Ah. But. Who knows. This is difficult
because you have to memorize. This is just a memory exercise. That's
difficult. Sixteen. If we as adults do not have the courage to say no to
drugs. Neither will our children. Okay. Neither will our children. Do you
think that this sentence appears in English? Really? And is it like this?
Yes, please. One hundred and nineteen. Really? One hundred and nineteen in
the book? Yes. I am happy to hear that because I have got the answer key
from the teaching team. And they say sixteen A. But I didn't agree with
that. So I just write here a question mark. I said it's not A, it's C.
Okay. So it is in the book too, you know? So one hundred and nineteen. Yes.
So in page one hundred and nineteen. So it's a mistake. In the answer key.
Okay, so it's in the test of drugs. In the last paragraph. The last
sentence. If we as adults have the courage to say no, neither will our
children. That's perfect. Okay. So it's a mistake that I have in the answer
key. So it's C. Perfect. So we've got this same sentence. Neither will.
Tampoco lo harán nuestros hijos. Ese es el significado. Si nosotros como
adultos. No tenemos el valor de decir no a las drogas. Tampoco lo harán
nuestros hijos. Neither will our children. Right. So it's C. Seventeen.
Which of the following sentences contains the wrong preposition? A. Because
when you are talking about exact days with the day, the month and the year.
We should use? On. Okay. So A is wrong. We continue. Page 18. Which of the
following reasons is wrongly formulated? I couldn't go to work today after
seeing the bad weather. This is okay. Since. This is B. I couldn't go to
work today since the bad weather. Since. Since it is true that sometimes
you can use since as a connector. For example, I'm not going to the doctor
since. I was ill. Since I am ill, for example. ¿Por qué? Because. So
since can be sometimes translated by because. But not in this case. You
can't use since plus bad weather. You can use since before a sentence.
Since I am ill. Or since the weather is bad. Okay. Since the weather is bad
is okay. But you can't say since. Since the bad weather. As you can say
because of the bad weather. Due to the bad weather. These are okay. But
since can't be used with a noun in the bad weather. It should be followed
by a sentence. Okay. The next one. Which of the following inverted
sentences is wrong? T. Right. Because it is true that we can use in the
garden at the beginning of the sentence. But then we should say in the
garden. It is a no tree. Because with the verb to be. These kind of
inversions are not possible. With the verb to be. Okay. So you could do
some inversions. Do you remember that you asked me about these inversions
last week or two weeks ago? So with some. For example, in the. With
conditional sentences. It is okay. You could say if I was or if I were a
millionaire. So you can invert the sentence. And just remove if. But with
other, with the verb to be, it is not possible to do inversion. So in the
garden is an old tree. This is okay. But not in this order. Twenty. This
person is as good as. No. Are you twenty? Twenty. I don't know. Okay. Is as
good as gold. In Spanish we say. Un trozo de pan. But not in English. I
don't know. It is the same in English. I don't know. Well, that's why they
have. It is so great. They have written this one. Just to confuse the
students with Spanish. But this is not okay. Okay. So it's as good as gold.
Tan bueno como el oro. Twenty-one. How can you express that you are
extremely bored? Eight. Okay. In the book. Yes. Which of the following
sentences is not likely, is not probable, that appears to be found in the
response to a complaint letter? D. This solution is expected to compensate
for your negative experience. This is okay. This solution. It's C. This
solution is hoped by us to be of your ways. Do you remember about the
passive voice? That this is not natural at all. Yes. This solution is hoped
by us. This solution is not likely to be of your ways. This solution is
expected to be of your ways. But this is not good English. Just press that.
The idea is okay for a complaint letter, but not the way to do that
sentence. So please let me know if this solution meets with your approval.
Please tell me whether or not you find this solution acceptable. This
solution is expected to compensate, para compensar, for your negative
experience. And this solution is hoped by us to be of your ways. This is
not good English. Okay. How would you not introduce the last part of a long
narration? D. Lastly, but not this way. No. What would you say if you
wanted to take a seat to the person's sadness? Okay. Is the seat taken?
¿Está ocupado? How may you ask informally for permission to go? B. Is it
okay if I go now? Right. Okay. Any questions? No. Okay. So in Unit 6, we
brought a very important grammar point. I don't know if then in the exam
you will have some rebutted speech or not, but I think we should cover it.
I think that it's better that you have... ¿The rebutted speech? Yes. Okay.
So I have written here, because you wrote it here, you will have it here
recorded, you don't have to copy now everything, but perhaps I can explain
something about the rebutted speech. Okay. Because in your book, you wrote
in Unit 6... It's very poor. Yes, yes. They don't explain much. Right. So
in page 188 in your book, you've got the rebutted speech, but in fact,
there are not so many explanations. So I'm going to give you an outline of
a general explanation of the rebutted speech, okay, for you to try to
understand. So, well, there are three kinds of sentences that we have to
mention when we are talking about the rebutted speech. Well, yes, to start
with, we've got... Direct speech, unreported or in direct speech. Direct
speech is when we are talking. So now I am talking in direct speech. In
direct speech. I am talking to you, or I say, I am bored, or I say, this is
my house, or I say, I'm traveling to London tomorrow. So this is direct
speech. Normally, we introduce this direct speech with he said, men said,
don't said. This is the normal thing to do, right? To introduce the
rebutted speech with he said or other kind of verse. So we've got the first
sentence. He said, I am bored. So when we are talking, imagine that you
said that some days ago, and then other person remembers that you were
saying that some days ago. So he said that he was bored. Él dijo que
estaba aburrido. That day, aquel día. So he said that he was bored. For
example, Mary said, this is my house. So someone talks and someone tells
what she said that day. Mary said that that was her house. OK? Or don't
said, I am traveling to London tomorrow. Don't said that he was traveling
to London. Sorry. I am just reading the direct speech. I am traveling to
London. Tomorrow. So in the rebutted speech, when someone talks about Tom,
Tom said that he was traveling to London the following day. So you can see
that there are some changes between the direct and the rebutted speech.
What kind of changes? Well, the most important one, the verb tense, el
tiempo del verbo. So you've got a chart, a table in your book. In page 188,
you've got in your book the present simple. Changes into the past simple.
So you have to learn by heart. You have to memorize. Present, simple past.
The future, conditional. The present continuous, past continuous. So there
is a table in your book where you can find the verb tenses and how they
change. Also, we've got other changes. The pronouns. He, sometimes, well,
if you are talking about a third person, it's OK. It's the same. He. But
for example, in this case. He said, I am bored. He said that he was bored.
So you have to change the pronoun as well. Sometimes, we have to change
adjectives. In this case, for example, the possessive adjective. This is my
house. Mary said that. That was her house. This is a pronoun. This changes
into that. Because we are talking about something near. Or something that
is far, now. So Mary said that. That was her house. That can be omitted.
This is que. Mary dijo que. Esa era su casa. Esta es mi casa. Mary dijo que
esa era su casa. OK? That. So we change the verb tenses. We change the
pronouns. And we change adjectives. Right? And also, we change the time
expressions. The time expressions are in your book as well. OK? In page
189. So if you see, for example, the word tomorrow. Then when you are
talking about a person who said I am traveling to London tomorrow. You have
to say it. Tom said that he was traveling to London the following day. Al
día siguiente. Because tomorrow is always tomorrow. Tomorrow is the 16th
of May. Yesterday is the 14th of May. Yesterday. Today is 15. So yesterday
was 14. So perhaps you are talking about a person who told you something
last week. So you can't say yesterday. Or you can't say tomorrow. You have
to say the following day or the day before. Right? So the tenses change.
And also the pronouns, adjectives. But also, and very important, time
expressions. OK? Can I continue? Right? OK. So we also change the time
expressions. Yesterday, the day before, etc., etc. You've got in your book
in page 189. You've got other kind of time expressions that also change.
From direct to indirect speech. More things. Then we've got questions.
Because in the previous page, we were talking about the statements.
Statements are oraciones enunciativas. Affirmative or negative sentences.
You see? Statements. Statements mean enunciativas. Oraciones enunciativas.
Affirmative or negative sentences. Right? But now what happens to the
questions? So we've got two kinds of questions. W8 questions. Questions
that start with who, how, what, where, how much, how many. The jurist asks
the guy, where is the station? So this is a question starting with where.
The jurist asks the guy, where is the station? The jurist asks the guy,
where the station was? This is important. This is the order of the
sentence. You can see that suddenly this sentence is no longer a question.
This is an affirmative sentence. So you have to follow the order. Subject
and verb. Where the station was. ¿Dónde estaba la estación? In Spanish
we say, ¿dónde estaba la estación? But in English they order the
sentence. And they say where the station was. Subject and the verb. A
second type of questions. Yes-no questions. They are called yes-no
questions because the answer is yes or no. Do you like pizza? Yes. No. So
when you have to transform this kind of sentences into the indirect speech,
he asked her if or whether she liked pizza. Él le preguntó. You see that
we use this reporting verb. Asked. Él le preguntó if or whether she liked
pizza. The verb whether means the same as if. Perhaps it has a different
connotation as if there is a possibility of making a kind of choice. Si le
gusta la pizza or not. Whether. So this whether is more or less the same as
if. He asked her if she liked pizza. He asked her whether she liked pizza.
You see that you have to change the tenses as well. Simple past. And what
happened with this second kind of questions? All the characteristics of the
question disappear. The question mark disappear. And also the particles to
make a question in the present. Do disappears. So he asked her if or
whether she liked pizza. Okay? So present, simple past. So these are the
questions. And no more. I mean, perhaps there are more reporting there. But
this is the basic thing about the questions in the reported speech. And no
more. Shall I continue? Can you give me a little... The back? The first
page? Yes. Yes, the tenses, the pronouns, the adjectives and the time
expressions. And you've got in page 189 the expressions. Time expressions.
Tomorrow, today, now, etc. Right? Then this is the theory about the
questions. Two types of questions. W8 and yes, no. So the important thing
about this, the second type, is that you have to use if. As in Spanish.
¿Te gusta la pizza? Él me preguntó qué si me gustaba la pizza. Qué,
you can't use that in a question. Okay? So that's the reason why I told you
that perhaps in the statements you can omit it. He said that. So he said
and you can omit that. Right? Now the third point. The third point are the
commands or the requests. No. So a command normally is an order when you
say open the door the teacher told him. Then when you have to write the
report and the script you say the teacher told him. You can use the verb to
tell, tell, told. Because the verb told has a connotation of order. Right?
So you can use the verb told just to narrar, contar algo. y también para
ordenar algo, así que el maestro le dijo que abriera la puerta, así que
¿qué sucede con este tipo de frases imperativas? El orden se transforma
en infinitivo con 2, el maestro le dijo que abriera la puerta, así que no
dices que el maestro le dijo que abriera la puerta, este es uno, el maestro
le dijo que abriera la puerta, así que cuando ves que es un orden, tienes
que transformar el orden en infinitivo con 2, y lo mismo es verdad de la
solicitud, ¿abrirás la puerta por favor? Le preguntó, me pidió abrir la
puerta, esta no es una pregunta, esta es una solicitud, una petición, así
que no te esperan a decir sí, no, te esperan a abrir la puerta, así que
esta es una solicitud, esta no es una pregunta, así que ¿abrirás la
puerta por favor? ¿Ves que va? Este no es el futuro, este es un verbo
modal que se usa para pedir, ¿verdad? Así que ¿abrirás la puerta por
favor? Me pidió, me pidió para abrir la puerta, or a request, a more
polite request, ok and well finally the reporting verse, well you see that
perhaps you can use ask, you can use told, you can use of course said, but
said has not a lot of meaning, just ella dijo but if you want to to use
sentences with more meaning for example, le ordeno que abriré la puerta o
le preguntó, in questions we use ask, we don't use say for questions we
use ask or we don't use say for commands or for requests you can't use it,
you have to use ask told, order or perhaps other kind of verse with what
other reporting that's persuaded wanted to know inquired, so with what
other reporting as well, to introduce the reporting speech ok, right and
another grammatical point with what in your book in unit number 6 are the
conditional sentences, ok, so perhaps just a general outline of the
conditional sentences for you to understand them better so well, with what
we could say in your book but normally number one is divided into type zero
and first time type 1 so there are four types of conditional I would say
type zero or true conditionals normally they are always true if you heat
water it boils si tú calientas agua hierve if you heat water it boils if
plus present simple it boils present simple if you heat water it boils
present and present so these are called true conditional sentences because
normally they happen they occur they happen if you heat water it boils a
typical one is if you study you pass but in the present a person who thinks
that if you study you pass present the second type is type 1 these are
called the real conditionals if you buy two CDs they will be cheaper or if
you study you will pass but this is like an advice that I am giving you if
you study you will pass I am sure about that but other other kind of
sentences when I say if you study you pass present as is if I think that it
is always true and it is not because sometimes you study and you don't pass
but sometimes if I think that it is always true I can use time zero
conditional and I can say if you study you pass or well any kind of things
that you think that are always true right you can say if you eat fruit you
are so you have to use the same time or using time zero because it is
always present present simple always no simple past simple past future
future only present simple plus present simple these are true conditionals
right if you study you pass if you feel water it boils or if you eat fruit
you are healthy if you eat a lot of fruit you are healthy ok so I think
that is always true but type one these are called real conditionals if you
buy two series they will be cheaper or if you go to the supermarket you
will find very cheap fruit or whatever type two conditionals possible but
very unlikely or hypothetical conditions if I were rich I would buy a
bigger house so when you are thinking about something you are imagining
something if I were rich pay attention to this word normally we say I was
but in conditional sentences we can use if I were rich ok you can use the
two yes both you can use both if I was or if I were and the same is true of
he see and it ok so you can use was or where and in this cases is the one
in you can use the inversion where am I rich I would buy a bigger house
where am I rich but you just you could say where am I rich I would buy a
bigger house where so this is the question we have in our exam the exam we
have just corrected now there was one of these do you remember no yes so
you can do the inversion where am I rich ok but when you are using an
ordinary conditional sentence if I were rich or if I was he she it was or
where so you can use was where with I he she or it both are ok so well
these are called hypothetical conditions because you are thinking about
something that you are imagining something that perhaps never comes true ok
never and now we've got type 3 conditionals type 3 impossible normally they
are used to express regrets lamentos so you say if I have eh gone to the
doctor eh felt better for example so you use if last past time perfect and
in the second part conditional perfect conditional perfect si yo hubiera
ido al médico me habría sentido mejor si hubiera ido al médico me
habría sentido mejor but you didn't go so this is a regret it's something
that is impossible if I have I have studied ok if I have studied I will
have passed but I didn't so this is a regret eh un lamento so these are
called impossible sentences well these are very important parts of grammar
the passive voice the reporting speech and the conditional sentences eh
these are the most important points in English grammar eh when a student is
learning English you have to control you have to know eh the reporting
speech the conditional sentences and the passive voice these are important
parts in English grammar ok any questions about the conditionals no so
let's see we've got here eh this is for you ok so really ah I already gave
you eh ok so so the same the same copies the same ok perfect ah perfect but
a bit bigger perhaps or it was ok ok it's four page no eh two pages now
because I yes I reduce it a little bit ah one two ok well it doesn't matter
ok yes ok so we can start correcting you have already done many body speech
ok right so eh we are eh sorry I have taken this the so you have downloaded
yes ok right ok very good student you are ok so we can start correcting
them eh we like our toys very much they said eh they say they like their
toys very much ok perfect because they are changing the verb terms the
adjective etc right I saw Judy yesterday he said eh b no b is not correct
because yesterday but had so is not ok ah yes so is not the past participle
of see to see so seen and a is not ok because yesterday eh so we have to
use eh the previous day and the day before are both ok for yesterday so
when you have in the direct speech the word yesterday you can use the day
before or the previous day they are ok eh but in b so wasn't ok so the
answer is sorry the answer of this question c he said that he had seen Judy
the previous day mhm he said the previous day mhm they have painted the
door red I said eh I said that they have painted the door red perfect John
will go to the cinema tomorrow he told me eh no because tomorrow is not
possible tomorrow the following day will go to the cinema told me he told
me that right she is not ok because me is missing and you can't use told
alone eh without me he told me he told he he told Mary he told them right
is Sally at home now they asked me if Sally was at home at that moment
perfect because at that moment is now and if Sally was is present was
simple past perfect have you got Lucy's number she asked B she asked if I
had got Lucy's number ok eh did you go to the football match last Sunday my
father asked C simple past is transformed into the past perfect my father
asked if I had gone to the football match the previous Sunday last Sunday
is previous Sunday eh the last Sunday last Sunday could be ok the last
Sunday with the article but not last Sunday the last Sunday is ok in the
reported speech but not last Sunday and well this is not ok can you ski
well the teacher wanted to know if eh the teacher wanted to know if I could
no I could ski it's not possible whether I could ski whether I could ski
well this one whether is the same as if eh if I could ski well ok so this
whether is the same as if but why a if whether is the same if where
worrying the difference between A and C yes in A you see could skiing with
the general ah right so when you are using a modal verb no plus infinity
plus infinity hmm who plus infinity ok don't answer the door when you are
alone our mother told us if eh our mother told us not to answer the door if
we were alone ok do it immediately he ordered me that I have to do it
immediately no because this is a command this is an order ah eh ok he
ordered me to do it immediately ok so these are the commands when you put
an imperative the order is with infinity with two he ordered me to do it
immediately sit down next to Alice please the teacher ask her C the teacher
ask her to sit down next to Alice right let's go to the seaside sea
suggested well this is special eh the verse suggest not an order no this is
this is a different thing hm this is a different thing the verse suggest
should be followed by a gerund always ok so this is a different thing the
verse suggest should be followed by the gerund sea suggested going to the
seaside ok so this is not eh order request command this is a suggestion and
the verse suggest should be followed by the gerund eh this is something
about sea suggested going to the seaside sufririo ir a la playa the seaside
sufririo ir a la playa ok what is the station Mary Helen asked where was
the station no the other is not correct the B B I see Helen asked Mary
where was the station where the station was subject and there in this order
why don't we have lunch together tomorrow ok suggested Peter no suggest eh
see eh you can be B suggest following by B B is ok ok suggested Peter
having lunch together the next day because you can't use tomorrow ok
tomorrow can't be used in everybody's speech ok we continue with the
sentences now is something more difficult because you have to transform the
complete sentence so someone asked what time does a train leave Manchester
ah someone asks at what time and now the subject the train and now the verb
left to leave left a simple pass Manchester someone asks what time the
train left Manchester y ahora salía el tren de Manchester but in English
subject verb and then the other components I must telephone my wife well
with this modal must hasn't got the simple pass so we have to use the
simple pass of the verb have to the man said the man said that he should
have to tenía que obligation it's not advice should sino obligación had
to his wife in my husband told me you should go to the doctor tomorrow the
modal should stays as it is it doesn't change ok so my husband told me that
I should go to the doctor the next day the following day the day after
there are different ways of saying tomorrow but there should be I'm sorry I
should go to the doctor the next day please Tom could you buy a drink for
me Jane asked ok perfect to buy Jane is a girl it's a girl Jane asked me to
buy her a drink ok or for her or to buy her perfect a drink so this is a
request this is not a question right it's not a question Jane asked me if I
could buy a drink for her this is a request so Jane wants a drink so
pídeme algo so it's this kind of thing then ask me to buy a drink for her
ok so this is a request perfect the old lady told me I went to Paris 20
years ago the old lady told me that she went she well we could use went but
normally the simple past is transformed into the past perfect she had gone
he had gone had gone had gone to Paris 20 years and ago later and before or
earlier earlier is ok before or earlier antes que había ido 20 años antes
de aquel día ok Samantha said to the ticket clerk how much does a day
return to bag cost normal this is the subject a day return to bag cost a
return ticket biguete y de vuelta a day return billete de ida y vuelta en
el día billete de ida y vuelta en el día a bag billete de ida y vuelta en
el día a bag bag is a town in England es ¿cuánto cuesta un billete de
ida y vuelta en el día a bag? so all this thing is the subject ok so
Samantha le preguntó al interventor how much I don't write anything
everything Samantha said to the ticket clerk Samantha asked the ticket
clerk how much is a return to bag cost ¿de cuánto costaba un billete de
ida y vuelta en el día a bag? and cost is a simple past cost because the
three forms are the same cost What did you Tom asked Where She Now the past
perfect The past perfect of go gone had gone had gone the previous day last
day Will you please give me this battle John said to me. John asked me o me
pidió. ¿Qué me pidió? This is not a question. This is a request. To
give him that battle. John asked me to give him that battle. Que le diera
la botella. Que le diera. But in English, infinitive with to. Close your
books when I tell you. The teacher said to the students. The teacher told
the students. Better to use the reporting verb that expresses order. The
teacher told the students. To close their books. To close their books.
Their books, sorry. Their books. When he or she told them. So in this
sentence there are a lot of things to be changed. The teacher told the
students to close their books when he or she told them. Number ten. Are you
working as well as studying at this moment? He inquired. He inquired if I
was working as well as. As well as studying. At that moment. At that
moment. ¿Sí? The next one. We are going to the beach tomorrow, Bea said.
We. We or better they. Bea said that they, Bea and her friends. They were
going. They were. Were going. To the beach. The next day. The following
day. The day after. The following day. Etcetera. You must speak to the
teacher as soon as you can. Tommy said to me. Tommy. Tell me that. Told me.
That. I must. I. Shall. No. I must. I have to. I have to. So, must. I have
to. Is transformed into have to. I have to speak to the teacher as soon as
I could. Can't. Good. Okay? So, must. Have to. Must. Have to. And can't.
Could. Okay? These are the modern verbs. Okay. The next one. Don't eat this
cheese sandwich, she told me. She told me. A negative. Not to eat. This is
a negative sentence. She told me not to eat that cheese sandwich. Very
quickly. Have you done the sentences or not? Yes? Yes? Okay. So, Helen told
me. Helen told me that. If. If. She give me some advice. Yes? Yes. Okay.
So, Helen told me. I shall have to listen it. If she gave me some advice.
If she give. I have to listen. To it. The present past. Okay? Did you make
your bed yesterday? Our mother asked us. Our mother asked us if we have
made. Bed. But haven't have made. The day before. The day before. Okay? We
won't be late from his bed and many. Bed and many. Bed and many. Promised.
Promised. To not be late. Promised. Not to be late. Not. Not to be late.
Well, with the verb promised, it is better to use this structure not to be
late. Okay? With infinitive. But it is not bad to say promised that they
wouldn't be late. That they wouldn't be late. The future is transformed
into the conditional. I went to Paris five years ago. The boy said he had
gone. The past perfect. Went is also okay. With the past simple, it is
possible to leave it as simple past. Okay? So, it could be possible as well
to say he went to Paris. Right? Because the simple past is always past.
Right? So, he had gone to Paris five years before. Or five years earlier.
Where have you been all this time? They asked me. They asked me where. Was
I? I. I was. Had. Been. All these things. The present perfect. Past
perfect. All that time. Well, anyway, I don't know if they are going to
leave questions like this in the exam. I don't know if they are going to
leave questions like those. Has she drank any water today? Her man wanted
to know. Her man wanted to know if she had drunk any water that day. Aquel
día. Would you like a cup of tea? The lady asked her. The lady asked her
if she drank any water that day. Would you like a cup of tea? If she would
like. A cup of tea. A cup of tea. So, do. Stay as it is. Would like. Okay.
And we finish. Right. Okay. So, we finish our recording for today. Thank
you very much for your attention and next week if you got any doubts about
the exam or any questions about any previous years.